Lower Lough Erne, located in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland, is the larger of the two lakes that make up the Erne system, the other being Upper Lough Erne.
Lower Lough Erne covers an area of approximately 105 square kilometers and is dotted with many islands, making it a haven for outdoor enthusiasts, nature lovers, and history buffs alike. This expansive and picturesque lough (lake) is renowned for its natural beauty, historical sites, and recreational opportunities.
The name Lough Erne is derived from the Irish name Loch Éirne. The lake was probably named after an ancient group of people called the Érainn, or directly after the ancient goddess for which the Érainn were named. If this theory is true, the lake would be the Lake of the Godess Érann. Several scholars have pointed out the similarities between Érann and Èriu (Éire), the godess after which the entire island Ireland is named.
Natural Beauty and Wildlife
Lower Lough Erne is characterized by its tranquil waters, lush green landscapes, and diverse wildlife. The lake is surrounded by rolling hills, dense woodlands, and open meadows, offering stunning views and peaceful retreats. The waters of the lough are clear and calm, providing an ideal habitat for a variety of bird species, including herons, kingfishers, and the rare white-tailed eagle. Anglers are also drawn to the lake for its rich fish populations, including trout, salmon, and pike.
Historical and Cultural Significance
The region around Lower Lough Erne is steeped in history, with numerous ancient monuments and historic sites to explore, and the lakes themselves feature in Irish tales and legends.
Devenish Island
One of the most notable of the islands in Lower Lough Erne is Devenish Island, which is home to the ruins of a 6th-century monastic settlement, including a well-preserved round tower and several intricately carved stone crosses. The island is accessible by boat and is a popular destination for visitors interested in Ireland’s early Christian heritage.
Castle Caldwell
Another significant site in this area is Castle Caldwell, an 18th-century estate that once belonged to the Caldwell family. The castle ruins, set amidst a forested area along the lough’s shores, offer a glimpse into the region’s aristocratic past.
Enniskillen Castle
Located between Upper and Lower Lough Erne, the town Enniskillen boasts historical landmarks, including Enniskillen Castle which dates back to the 15th century.
Origin of the two lakes according to Irish mythology and folklore
Irish mythology and folklore includes several tales explaining the origin of the two lakes. Here are some examples:
- One story tells us how the lakes are named after a woman named Erne, who was a lady-in-waiting for Queen Méabh at Cruachan. One day, a giant emerged from the Oweynagat cave and caused Erne and her maidens to flee north. They drowned in a river or lake, and their dissolving bodies created Lough Erne.
- In another story, the lake simply burst forth from the ground. It happened during a battle between the Érainn and the army of High King Fíachu Labrainne, and caused the Èrainn to drown.
- There is also a story where Lough Erne is created when a magical spring-well overflows. (Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland has a similar origin story.)
The Story of Conn-eda / The Golden Apples of Lough Erne
In this folktale, Conn-eda embarks on a quest to fetch three golden apples, a black steed and a supernatural hound from a city located underneath Lough Erne. You can read the full story in the 1888 book ”Fairy and Folk Tales of the Irish Peasantry”.
Recreation and Tourism
Lower Lough Erne is a popular destination for outdoor activities, including boating, fishing, kayaking, and hiking. The lough’s numerous islands and coves provide excellent opportunities for exploration by boat, with many visitors choosing to embark on guided tours or rent their own vessels. The scenic trails surrounding the lough offer a chance to experience the area’s natural beauty up close, with routes suitable for all levels of fitness.
For those interested in more leisurely pursuits, the lough is home to several resorts and hotels, offering spa treatments, fine dining, and golf. The region also hosts a variety of cultural events and festivals throughout the year, celebrating the area’s rich heritage and vibrant community.
Conservation Efforts
Efforts to preserve the natural and cultural heritage of Lower Lough Erne are ongoing. The lough and its surrounding areas are protected under various environmental designations, including Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) and Areas of Special Scientific Interest (ASSI). These measures help ensure that the region’s unique ecosystems and historical sites are safeguarded for future generations.
The Lower and Upper Lough Erne are both widened sections of the River Erne
The two connected lakes Lower Lough Erne and Upper Lough Lerne are collectively known as just Lough Erne. They are located in County Fermanagh and make up the second-largest lake system in Northern Ireland and Ulster, and the fourth-largest on the entire island.
- Upper Lough Erne is the smallest of the two, and is located more to the south.
- Lower Lough Erne is the biggest of the two, and is located more to the north. Since it is the largest of the two, it is also known as Broad Lough.
Both lakes are widened sections of the River Erne, and a short stretch of this river connects the two lakes with each other. Upper Lough Erne is higher up the river and Lower Lough Erne is further downstream.
In total, the River Erne is 80 miles (circa 130 km) long. It flows north and then curves west to reach the shore and empty into the Atlantic.
At the short stretch of river that connects the two lakes, you will find the town Enniskillen (Inis Ceithleann), where the abovementioned Enniskillen Castle was built in the 1400s.
Final Thoughts
Lower Lough Erne is a captivating destination that offers a blend of natural beauty, rich history, and recreational opportunities. Whether you’re interested in exploring ancient ruins, enjoying outdoor activities, or simply soaking in the serene landscape, Lower Lough Erne provides a memorable experience for all who visit. Its unique combination of scenic vistas, wildlife, and cultural heritage makes it one of Northern Ireland’s most cherished natural treasures.